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Lithium metaborate (LiBO2) is a chemical contact which is employed in borate fusion for x-ray fluorescence (XRF) analysis as well as in fusion flux mixtures for additional sample preparation techniques. Lithium metaborate is extremely reactive with acidic samples and has a high melting point meaning it is not volatile. This is why lithium metaborate is so well-suited to wet chemistry applications.

What is Lithium Metaborate Used For?

Lithium metaborate is often combined with lithium tetraborate to create fusion fluxes of a range of ratios which have varying pH levels and XRF sample preparation applications. A granular x-ray flux combination of 35.3% tetraborate with 64.7% lithium metaborate can be universally applied to alumino-silicates and works well in ...

X-ray fluorescence is a process in which fluorescent x-rays are emitted from a substance which has been excited by gamma rays or X-rays. This process can be used as an analytical procedure which is non-harmful, working to evaluate the chemistry and material composition of a sample. This is an extremely versatile technique which can be beneficial for a broad range of applications to analyze a large number of materials across the periodic table.

How does X-ray Fluorescence Work?

X-ray fluorescence relies on the process of ionization, where an atom gains a positive or negative charge by losing or gaining electrons to create ions. Atoms inside a material can ionize when exposed to short wavelength X-ray beams and gamma rays.

When these are processed, an...

Calcareous refractories are high-temperature materials mostly composed of calcium carbonate (CaCO₃). Owing to the complex reaction mechanics of carbonation, calcareous aggregates make exceptional mortars as they have a positive long-term chemical effect on mortar behaviour. Additionally, calcites exhibit exceptional thermal properties such as melting points in the region of 1330°C (2430°F). These combined thermochemical qualities make calcareous minerals ideal aggregates for refractory concrete.

All industrial materials are subject to some form of quality assurance and control (QA/QC). In this article, we will explore the beneficial properties of calcareous refractories before discussing appropriate flux chemicals for sample preparation and analysis.

W...